Poe vs. Shakespeare Essay - 1556 Words

The Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Brandi Greene University Composition and Communication I/COM155 May 9th, 2013 University of Phoenix The Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Many have been inspired by the likes of Edgar Allen Poe and Shakespeare in literature but, there are similarities and differences between the two. Each author could lure their audiences by the characteristics of their writing. Their places in society also differed, as each had different ways of dealing with the people in their society. Furthermore, the influences each of them had in literature have molded how many people see them as transcendent and prestigious authors. The types of writing†¦show more content†¦His life in society was greatly indebted to the approval and support of royal and noble personages, such as, Queen Elizabeth and King James I. This made him highly respected in society and in turn, led to his financial stability throughout his life. Poe on the other hand, was not very successful in society. Despite the criticism of his works, he did not care what society had to say and wrote what he wanted. This is one of the reasons he was not very successful financ ially as well. Poe had other setbacks financially that made him struggle in life. While attending the University of Virginia within the first year, Poe had accumulated large gambling debts which caused him to be estranged from his adoptive family. Likewise while living in Baltimore, one of Poe’s cousins robbed him during the night. Another financial setback for Poe, occurred when his father died, and he was left out of the will. It was not until his 1845 publication of â€Å"The Raven† that made Poe a household name in society. His life was defined by personal and professional upheaval. His wife,Virginia, had a bout with tuberculosis which exasperated his drinking for which he was known in society as a drunkard and a madman. Unfortunately for Poe, not only in 1847 did his wife die, but also his mother as well. In turn, he was devastated and could not write for months. He only lived two more years until his death in 1849. Poes works were not fully recognized until after his death.Show MoreRelatedSupernatural Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesSupernatural (702 quotes).† (702 quotes), ― William Shakespeare, Hamlet , Act 1 Scene V www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/supernatural. B. Background information (titles, authors, book information, definitions, etc.) â€Å"The Black Cat† by Edgar Allan Poe: as the narrator slips into insanity, his grasp on rheality falters, and images, dreams, and unnatural emotions lead to murder and animal cruelty. â€Å"The Raven† by Edgar Allan Poe: â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† by Washington Irving:Read MoreHow to Read Lit Like a Prof Notes3608 Words   |  15 Pageswon’t save it. 6. When in Doubt, It’s from Shakespeare†¦ a. Writers use what is common in a culture as a kind of shorthand. Shakespeare is pervasive, so he is frequently echoed. b. See plays as a pattern, either in plot or theme or both. Examples: i. Hamlet: heroic character, revenge, indecision, melancholy nature ii. Henry IV—a young man who must grow up to become king, take on his responsibilities iii. Othello—jealousy iv. Merchant of Venice—justice vs. mercy v. 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Some people have called him the twentieth-century Balzak. Some have called him the American Maupassant because of his so well made surprising endings. The short story is the one fundamental and self-contained genre in American prose fiction, and the stories of O. Henry certainly made their appearanceRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pageswork is often split up into sections as follows (although other splits have also been suggested):Lines 1 - 37: On unity and harmony. Lines 38 - 72: The writer’s aims. Lines 73 - 118: What the tradition dictates (decorum). Lines 119 - 152: Invention vs. imitation (be consistent if you are original). Lines 153 - 188: On characterization (the four ages of man). Lines 189 - 219: On the gods, chorus and music (in tragic drama). Lines 220 - 250: On style (especially in satyr plays). Lines 251 - 274: On

Midnight In The Garden Of Good And Evil Archetypal Project Free Essays

Midnight in the garden of good and evil archetypal project. Summary 1, November 10, Pages 1-25: Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil starts with the main character, John Berendt as the Narrator. He first introduces the book by speaking of a man by the name of Jim Williams, the home owner of the Mercer house in Savannah Georgia. We will write a custom essay sample on Midnight In The Garden Of Good And Evil Archetypal Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now This intelligent yet cocky man is an antique dealer and is quite rich, owning many houses and valuable antiques. He spends most of his time restoring antiques and â€Å"living like an aristocrat, but not actually being one. His assistant, Danny Hansford is very rowdy, he intrudes on Berendt’s interview of Williams by storming into Mercer house cursing a certain â€Å"Bonnie† and insists that he get â€Å"jacked up† on drugs. Summary2, November 11, Pages 25-50: In the second chapter of Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, we are introduced to yet another character by the name of Mary Harty, and elderly woman who has lived in Savannah for most of her life. Miss Harty is the mentor archetype, she drags Berendt all through Savannah, giving him information that only locals could tell you. Once the tour was finished, Berendt decided he would like to stay longer in the grand town of Savannah, and booked a room in the second floor of a carriage house. From here we meet the temptress Mandy Nichols and the trickster Joe Odom. Joe is the permanent host of an everlasting party, he steals electricity from the next door neighbors and swindles people out of their money, yet everyone loves him to death. Mandy is his fourth wife in waiting, she’s won several pageants and is quite beautiful. Summary 3, November 12, Pages 50-75: Into the 4th chapter of the novel, Berendt takes us to a junk shop to shop for necessities for his new living space in Savannah. He describes a Buddha-like owner and an â€Å"expressionless man in his mid-thirties, with mousy brown hair and one eye made up in purple eye shadow. † The man with one eye made-up is referred to as Jack-the-one-eyed-Jill, according to his boss. Afterwards, Berendt comes across a strange man who has the same morning routine as himself, and orders the same meal every single day; this man is Luther Driggers the inventor. This man is the outsider archetype, no one particularly enjoys his company, and rumors spread that he has a poison stronger than arsenic, and plans to one day dump it into Savannah’s water supply. Summary 4, November 13, pages 75-100 Berendt;s journey is beginning to unfold and the â€Å"small world† philosophy is starting to show, everybody seems to be connected to everybody in Savannah now that Berendt is getting to know more and more locals. In Joe Odom’s house he meets Emma Kelly a pianist who hardly ever sleeps, music is her entire life. Joe describes the aspects of Emma’s life to Berendt and he is throughly pleased to listen. Later on, Berendt is driving home and spots a woman staring him down, her name is Chablis, she is a drag queen. Chablis is a temptress, Berendt describes her as â€Å"having no masculine features† at all and being quite beautiful and feminine. Summary 5, November 14, pages 100-125 How to cite Midnight In The Garden Of Good And Evil Archetypal Project, Papers

Compare and Contrast the .Net and Java EE Platforms

Question: Describe the Compare and Contrast the .Net and Java EE Platforms. Answer: Introduction Enterprise computing is abbreviated as EC. It is itself a world of computing and manages data in large volumes in the large businesses or enterprises. An enterprise solution provides common business problem domains and hence, gives a shared infrastructure as a solution for the same identified problems within the enterprise. (van Sinderen and Almeida, 2011) The solution is provided by the shared infrastructure as the enterprise deals with the commonly occurred problems within an enterprise or an association and the concept of the problems remains constant throughout. Some of the technologies are even available in the IT sector which helps to overcome with this problem. This can be done by Java. J2EE provides the various specifications about the concept of enterprise application. This provides various packages for various applications like, web applications, applets, client applications and much more. In case of enterprise computing, Java is the only programming language which is wides pread and helps to develop the system which can cater the needs of the organization. In this report, the two most commonly used platforms are compared and contrasted. Various pros and cons for the platforms are mentioned in the report. The report even gives answer to the questions like: Benefits of software modeling Runtime frameworks of .NET and Java EE platform Integration of enterprise application Advantages and disadvantages of the two platforms Which platform is suitable for the business Impacts of both the platforms over an enterprise and much more. Software Modeling Layered architecture is considered as a design of modules of different problems or tasks faced by the organization. (C-sharpcorner.com, 2016) There can be various advantages for the layered model: Layers can be reused Standardization can be supported Local dependencies can be kept Exchange can be done The above mentioned benefits of a layered model of architecture proved useful for the various aspects of the enterprise. (Venkataspinterview.blogspot.in, 2016) In the two platforms the layered architecture can be: Layer model in .NET: .NET is a programming language which proves to be a buzz in the industry as it is a web based application or a desktop based application. It basically contains the three layers which can be named as:(Codeproject.com, 2016) UI or Presentation Layer: This contains different forms where the information can be displayed to the user and the inputs can be taken from the user in order to gather the data from the various users of the organization. BAL or Business Access Layer: This layer has the business logics, calculations and the various validations required in the business for the various needs of the organization with respect to the database of the organization. DAL or Data Access Layer: This is the layer which helps to connect with the data and performs the action required by the database of the organization. The numerous actions performed by the data can be: returning the data, manipulating the data, inserting the data, updating the data and much more actions can be performed over a set of database. Layer Model in Java EE: Java is an open source programming language which is used to develop mobile based applications.("Multilayered architecture (1) Introduction", 2016) It has high security and easy to understand and use. It is a platform independent language and is more reliable and flexible. It consists of various layers which are: Presentation Layer or User Interface Layer : This layer is the Business or Service Layer Data Access Layer Database Layer Component Model is the model of software model which helps in separation of the various concerns of the organization. This model is basically for the development and deployment of the entries model. In this report, we need to describe the various components of the two commonly used programming languages i.e. .Net and Java EE. Component model of Java EE: There can be various tiers or components which are required and used by the Java at the time of developing the software. There can be components involved in Java EE:(Pawlan, 2016) Client Tier Component: It consists of the various applications which is at the client side or the system which is at the client side or the dynamic pages of the application. Web Tier Component: It is the application unit of the application. There can be various components which are being used by the organization Business Tier Component: It consists of the system components which may affect the working of the application of the enterprise. Enterprise Information System: It is the system which has the working of the organization and the database over one system. It consists of the database of the system with the complete system in an organized way. Component based model of .NET: .Net is a programming language which is the most secured language and this language is not open source. ("What is Component Based Architecture in Enterprise Application Deve...", 2016) This language was developed in order to improve some drawbacks which were available in the component based model and they even wanted to maintain some of the concepts which were already present in the COM. In ASP.NET there is a code for the assembly which contains specially the logical DLL in the aspect of the enterprise application. Assembly has the capability to have both EXE as well as DLLs within the enterprise. Framework At Runtime Runtime frameworks can be anything as it is simply an abstraction of the code commonly used for the code occurred generically. The framework works as a library which contains several codes for the functionality of the codes or errors which can be used by the programmer again when required. The framework is used to enhance the feature of reusability of the code of the organization. The two platforms have the framework which is being used at the run time are: Framework in Java: In java, there is an environment on which the java runs is known as the runtime environment of the programming language. ("What is Java Runtime Environment (JRE)? - Definition from WhatIs.com", 2016) The java uses the runtime environment is known as JVM or Java Virtual Machine or JRE or Java Runtime Environment. It is software which is required by java to run the code over the platform. It includes the various implementations of the library class and hence they must know the trademark of the organization. JRE plays a vital role in the development of the applications. JRE is a tool as it is a platform independent language so it can be used by the organization. The JVM is a machine which was released by the Oracle organization. It consists of standard tools for the configuration of certain libraries. It has some of the organizations who have to be there within the organization. This provides high security to the organization and lets the people have the secured organ ization. The JRE are the platforms where the platform is used by the organization. Framework in .NET: .NET is the programming language which helps in making the language more secure and lessens the minimum set of requirements of the organization. There is the requirement of the set of minimum libraries of the enterprise.("Components of .Net Framework, CLR, CTS, CLS, Base Class Library", 2016)These requirements are known as the .NET Common Language Specifications or CLS. There can be two frameworks namely Common Language Runtime and the Class Library. Class Library: It is present in the framework classes which are prewritten in nature and are used to develop the components and applications on the Windows platform. Common Language Runtime or CLR: It is the most important framework which is used by the programmer at the run time of the program. There is a managed code in the system which is under the CLR. It manages the code and hence requires certain verification to use the code and the process of garbage collection even takes place in the system and the application related to the enterprise system. Some of the common features of the enterprise are: Common Type System: There are some of the declarations which describes the way the database can be managed by the organization or the cross section of the type of the organization. Common Language Specification or CLS: It defines the main role to support the language of the organization. It has some inheritance, polymorphism and some other OOPs concept. CIL or the Common Intermediate Language: It has the instructions which can be loading, storage, initialize and calling the methods of the organization. This helps to tell the intermediate instructions of the organizations. There are some of the various operations such as logical, control flow and much more. Assembly: These are considered to be the building blocks of the organization and help to organize the various units of the organization. Meta Data: It is the data which can be used for the description of the namespaces, class, methods and other things associated with the language. Integration Of The Enterprise Application Enterprise Application Integration is abbreviated to EAI is a computing term which is used in the terms of the organization with the help of tools, methods and modernizing and coordination of the computer applications. (MuleSoft, 2014) It combines the applications into co-operating federations of the applications. It has a set of some of the logical integrations of the architecture of the enterprise of the program: Point-to-point integration: EAI has the point to point integration which are easy and can be implemented by the organization which has the capability to implement a good service to the users and help them implement the access of the files of the enterprise. Middleware based integration: It is a middleware architecture service of the enterprise. It helps in organizing the database of the organization. It has the service model which is oriented by the architecture which helps you to add and delete the assets of the organization. Methods of Integration: There can be numerous methods which can be used by the organization for the application. Some of them are: Data level Integration: In order to integrate the data in the various backend stores which can be used and developed by the programmers helps to incorporate the aspects of the organization. User Interface: It has a logic to the code to develop the various aspects of the environment and the organization can use it to make the application user friendly and helps to provide them easy to navigate facility to the clients and the staff of the organization. Application level: It is the best way to integrate the parts of the organization and hence can use it to incorporate the facilities of the organization. Method level integration: It is not commonly used by the enterprise and hence can be used in order to attempt the codes and the errors in the program. There is a need for the organization to interact with the b2b portals of the organization and hence need some of the collaboration with the web based services of the organization and has the ability to use it according to needs for the workflow of the organization. Web based services are need to be used by the organization and hence cannot be used by the people who has to be used and gained by the B2B business for the organizations of the system. Collaboration with the B2B applications can be done by the people who use it for the organization to take the solved issue or the unsolved issues of the organization. This is very useful for the people to help in organizing the aspects of the data within the enterprise. There can be some systems which may be connected by the legacy of the system which may help to understand the need of the organization and can prove to be useful for the people of the system and help them to enhance the quality of the organization. Comparison Between The Platforms Here there are some of the differences which needs to be considered by the programmers and the startups to keep in mind: (Adam-bien.com, 2016) Java EE ASP.NET Need different vendors You can get everything from one vendor. Better OR support Popular language Best practices since a decade Portable Platform Independent Security is bit low as compared to .NET Needs single line of code Needs a specific library Open source Not that good Not that popular Not that much in practice Not portable Not platform Independent Security is high Needs multiple line of code Does not need a specific library Not open source Some of the pros and cons of the two platforms are: JAVA advantages and disadvantages Ease of use: It is easy to use compared to the other languages. Integration with the platform: It has the capability to integrate with the platform. Layered architecture: JAVA has a layered architecture which makes its programming better and easier. (Education.oracle.com, 2016) Stability and quality of coding: This language is stable and can be used by the people in providing good quality work. Open source and standards: It is the open source of the operating system. Large and complicated Complex to understand Costly solution Poor mapping NET Advantages and disadvantages: (Cio.umich.edu, 2016) Security is enhanced Memory management is automatic Supports object oriented programming language Multi language Project development is rapid Application is simplified in the case This language has the object perspective of the organization. Dependency is the major disadvantage of the language Committed for the beans of the languages of the organization. Conclusion Both the platforms plays an important role. According to me, Java is the most suitable language for the business or the startups in this new world. Java is the most secured language and can be used in both mobile applications and the desktop applications which can be used by the startups to use best web services and enhance the growth of the business in the organization. The people can help to use the objectives of the organization and let them feel safe by the people of the organization. In the beginning, we may use some other platforms but as these days web services plays a vital role one must not interrupt in these services. In this report, a comparison between both the platforms is being done and they would like to help the different programmers and let them know how to use and when to use the objectives of the organization. This can be useful by the people of the organization and hence they can use it for the people to get the people of the organization. These platforms are very useful in the IT industry to growth with such a rapid rate within a decade. References WhatIs.com. (2016). What is Enterprise Cloud Computing FAQ? - Definition from WhatIs.com. [Online] Available at: https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Enterprise-Cloud-Computing-FAQ [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Peterindia.net. (2016). Enterprise Computing. [Online] Available at: https://www.peterindia.net/EnterpriseComputOverview.html [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Stackoverflow.com. (2016). What are the benefits of an N-layered architecture? [Online] Available at: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2637114/what-are-the-benefits-of-an-n-layered-architecture [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Dotnetfunda.com. (2016). 3-Tier Architecture in ASP.NET with C# - DotNetFunda.com. [Online] Available at: https://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/show/71/3-tier-architecture-in-aspnet-with-csharp [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Van Sinderen, M. and Almeida, J. (2011). Empowering enterprises through next-generation enterprise computing. Enterprise Information Systems, 5(1), pp.1-8. C-sharpcorner.com. (2016). .Net Architecture and .Net Framework Basics. [Online] Available at: https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/09f663/net-architecture-and-net-framework-basics/ [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Venkataspinterview.blogspot.in. (2016). Asp.net interview questions: What are the advantages and disadvantages of a layered architecture. [Online] Available at: https://venkataspinterview.blogspot.in/2011/03/what-are-advantages-and-disadvantages.html [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Codeproject.com. (2016). Three Layer Architecture in C# .NET - CodeProject. [Online] Available at: https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/36847/Three-Layer-Architecture-in-C-NET [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Multilayered architecture (1) Introduction. (2016). Java Code Geeks. Retrieved 22 August 2016, from https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2013/05/multilayered-architecture-1-introduction.html Pawlan, M. (2016). Introduction to the Java EE Architecture. Pawlan.com. Retrieved 22 August 2016, from https://pawlan.com/monica/articles/j2eearch/ What is Component Based Architecture in Enterprise Application Deve.... (2016). The Official Forums for Microsoft ASP.NET. Retrieved 22 August 2016, from https://forums.asp.net/t/1776950.aspx?What+is+Component+Based+Architecture+in+Enterprise+Application+Development+ What is Java Runtime Environment (JRE)? - Definition from WhatIs.com. (2016). TheServerSide. Retrieved 22 August 2016, from https://www.theserverside.com/definition/Java-Runtime-Environment-JRE Components of .Net Framework, CLR, CTS, CLS, Base Class Library. (2016). Developerin.net. Retrieved 22 August 2016, from https://www.developerin.net/a/39-Intro-to-.Net-FrameWork/23-Components-of-.Net-Framework MuleSoft. (2014). Understanding Enterprise Application Integration - The Benefits of ESB for EAI. [Online] Available at: https://www.mulesoft.com/resources/esb/enterprise-application-integration-eai-and-esb [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Adam-bien.com. (2016). Java EE or .NET - An Almost Unbiased Opinion : Adam Bien's Weblog. [online] Available at: https://www.adam-bien.com/roller/abien/entry/java_ee_or_net_an [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Education.oracle.com. (2016). Java (EE) Enterprise Architect Certified Master Essay | Oracle Certification Exam. [Online] Available at: https://education.oracle.com/pls/web_prod-plq-dad/db_pages.getpage?page_id=5001get_params=p_exam_id:1Z0-866 [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. Cio.umich.edu. (2016). Enterprise Architecture: Benefits | Office of the CIO. [Online] Available at: https://cio.umich.edu/strategic-planning/architecture-benefits.php [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016].

Vitamin C Amount Estimation By DCPIP Essays - Biomolecules, Vitamins

Vitamin C Amount Estimation By DCPIP Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a very important vitamin to the body. Vitamin C promotes healthy teeth and gums, helps absorption of iron, aids in maintenance of normal connective tissue, promotes wound healing, and helps boost the immune system. With vitamin C being such a useful substance to our bodies, finding good sources of vitamin C is important. Many people today rely on vitamin supplement tablets. But fruit juices, vitamin-supplemented drinks, or vitamin supplemented foods may contain just as much vitamin C as a supplement tablet. Which one is better though, commercially sold drinks or fresh fruit juices? This was the research question: Are commercially sold and popularly consumed juices (in Japan) a good substitute fro fresh fruits in terms of dietary vitamin C? What this experiment sought to find out was exactly what kind of drink was better in terms of dietary vitamin C. The juices were titrated into a set amount of DCPIP and measuring how many millilitres it took for the DCPIP to turn from blue to clear. The hypothesis was that fresh fruit juices should contain more vitamin C since they had not been heat treated and probably had spent less time on a shelf or being transported than commercially sod drinks. This is important since vitamin C is heat labile. This means that vitamin C is susceptible to change and unstable or that the vitamin C can break down easily if exposed to high temperatures or is kept for a long time on a shelf. The experiment and results showed that vitamin C is more abundant in fresh fruit juices. This was true for all the juices tested except for lemon. Therefore, it is safe to say that fresh fruit juices tend to contain more vitamin C than commercially bought juices. Introduction The body needs a good balance of foods, which must contain carbohydrates, proteins, and fats along with mineral salts, water, fibre, and vitamins. All of these are required in different amounts according to different people. However, there are recommended daily allowances. For example, the recommended daily allowance for vitamin C is 60mg. Vitamins are easily absorbed into the bloodstream from the gut. A diet lacking in any particular vitamin will lead to a deficiency disease. Such diseases are rickets that is caused by lack of vitamin D, and night blindness that is caused by lack of vitamin A. However, these can be remedied by using vitamin supplements if the dietary intake is inadequate. The aim of the experiment was to see the difference of vitamin C content between fresh fruit juices and commercially sold and popularly consumed juices (in Japan) a good substitute for fresh fruits in terms of dietary vitamin C? This research question was established because in the modern day and age people are too busy, especially in winter, to stock up on fresh fruit and many people rely on commercially sold drinks as a source of vitamins. However, vitamin C, in particular, is known to be labile and therefore likely to be absent from a cooked food diet. In temperate climates, such as Japan or Europe, people ear fresh fruits in summer, but eat tinned, preserved, or cooked foods in the winter. The latter being more susceptible to heat, possibly breaking down the amount of vitamin C in them. This experiment tested for the vitamin C content in fresh fruit juices and commercially sold drinks. This experiment was conducted mostly on citrus fruits because vitamin C is said to be abundant in citrus fruits. The experiment was also performed on non-citrus fruits. The experiment was performed on these two types of fruit drinks because vitamin C contributes to maintaining a healthy body, especially during the winter, when citrus fruits are not in season. AS a result, the amount of vitamin C found in each type of juice would be essential in knowing what drinks to choose during the winter to provide the most or the optimum amount of vitamin C. Using this information, the following hypothesis was formed. Since vitamin C is labile (meaning susceptible to change and unstable), the commercially sold juices, which have most likely been heat treated and stored in various conditions for various periods of time, should have lower vitamin C content than fresh fruit juices. The commercially sold juices would have most likely been exposed to the conditions leading to the deterioration in the content of vitamin C. In this experiment the independent variables were the juices that were being tested for their vitamin C content. The volume

Evidence for American Human Settlement Before Clovis

Evidence for American Human Settlement Before Clovis Pre-Clovis culture is a term used by archaeologists to refer to what is considered by most scholars (see discussion below) the founding populations of the Americas. The reason they are called pre-Clovis, rather than some more specific term, is that the culture remained controversial for some 20 years after their first discovery. Up until the identification of pre-Clovis, the first absolutely agreed-upon culture in the Americas was a Paleoindian culture called Clovis, after the type site discovered in New Mexico in the 1920s. Sites identified as Clovis were occupied between ~13,400-12,800  calendar years ago (cal BP), and the sites reflected a fairly uniform living strategy, that of predation on now-extinct megafauna, including mammoths, mastodons, wild horses, and bison, but supported by smaller game and plant foods. There was always a small contingent of the Americanist scholars who supported claims of archaeological sites of ages dating between 15,000 to as much 100,000 years ago: but these were few, and the evidence was deeply flawed. It is useful to bear in mind that Clovis itself as a Pleistocene culture was widely disparaged when it was first announced in the 1920s. Changing Minds However, beginning in the 1970s or so, sites predating Clovis began to be discovered in North America (such as Meadowcroft Rockshelter and Cactus Hill), and South America (Monte Verde). These sites, now classified Pre-Clovis, were a few thousand years older than Clovis, and they seemed to identify a broader-range lifestyle, more approaching Archaic period hunter-gatherers. Evidence for any pre-Clovis sites remained widely discounted among mainstream archaeologists until about 1999  when a conference in Santa Fe, New Mexico called Clovis and Beyond was held presenting some of the emerging evidence. One fairly recent discovery appears to link the Western Stemmed Tradition, a stemmed point stone tool complex in the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau to pre-Clovis and the Pacific Coast Migration Model. Excavations at Paisley Cave in Oregon have recovered radiocarbon dates and DNA from human coprolites which predate Clovis. Pre-Clovis Lifestyles Archaeological evidence from pre-Clovis sites continues to grow. Much of what these sites contain suggests the pre-Clovis people had a lifestyle that was based on a combination of hunting, gathering, and fishing. Evidence for pre-Clovis use of bone tools, and for the use of nets and fabrics has also been discovered. Rare sites indicate that pre-Clovis people sometimes lived in clusters of huts. Much of the evidence seems to suggest a marine lifestyle, at least along the coastlines; and some sites within the interior show a partial reliance on large-bodied mammals. Research also focuses on migration pathways into the Americas. Most archaeologists still favor the Bering Strait crossing from northeastern Asia: climatic events of that era restricted entry into Beringia and out of Beringia and into the North American continent. For pre-Clovis, the Mackenzie River Ice-Free Corridor was not open early enough. Scholars have hypothesized instead that the earliest colonists followed the coastlines to enter and explore the Americas, a theory known as the Pacific Coast Migration Model  (PCMM) Continuing Controversy Although evidence supporting the PCMM and the existence of pre-Clovis has grown since 1999, few coastal Pre-Clovis sites have been found to date. Coastal sites are likely inundated since the sea level has done nothing but rise since the Last Glacial Maximum. In addition, there are some scholars within the academic community who remain skeptical about pre-Clovis. In 2017, a special issue of the journal Quaternary International based on a 2016 symposium at the Society for American Archaeology meetings presented several arguments dismissing pre-Clovis theoretical underpinnings. Not all the papers denied pre-Clovis sites, but several did. Among the papers, some of the scholars asserted that Clovis was, in fact, the first colonizers of the Americas and that genomic studies of the Anzick burials (which share DNA with modern Native American groups) prove that. Others suggest that the Ice-Free Corridor would still have been usable if unpleasant entryway for the earliest colonists. Still others argue that the Beringian standstill hypothesis is incorrect and that there simply were no people in the Americas prior to the Last Glacial Maximum. Archaeologist Jesse Tune and colleagues have suggested that all of the so-called pre-Clovis sites are made up of geo-facts, micro-debitage too small to be confidently assigned to human manufacture.   It is undoubtedly true that pre-Clovis sites are still relatively few in number compared to Clovis. Further, pre-Clovis technology seems extremely varied, especially compared to Clovis which is so strikingly identifiable. Occupation dates on pre-Clovis sites vary between 14,000 cal BP to 20,000 and more. Thats an issue that needs to be addressed.   Who Accepts What? It is difficult to say today what percentage of archaeologists or other scholars support pre-Clovis as a reality versus Clovis First arguments. In 2012, anthropologist Amber Wheat conducted a systematic survey of 133 scholars about this issue. Most (67 percent) were prepared to accept the validity of at least one of the pre-Clovis sites (Monte Verde). When asked about migratory paths, 86 percent selected the coastal migration path and 65 percent the ice-free corridor. A total of 58 percent said people arrived in the American continents before 15,000 cal BP, which implies by definition pre-Clovis. In short, Wheats survey, despite what has been said to the contrary, suggests that in 2012, most scholars in the sample were willing to accept some evidence for pre-Clovis, even if it wasnt an overwhelming majority or whole-hearted support. Since that time, most of the published scholarship on pre-Clovis has been on the new evidence, rather than disputing their validity. Surveys are a snapshot of the moment, and the research into coastal sites has not stood still since that time. Science moves slowly, one might even say glacially, but it does move. Sources Braje, Todd J., et al. Finding the First Americans. Science 358.6363 (2017): 592–94. Print.de Saint Pierre, Michelle. Antiquity of mtDNA Lineage D1g from the Southern Cone of South America Supports Pre-Clovis Migration. Quaternary International 444 (2017): 19–25. Print.Eren, Metin I., et al. Refuting the Technological Cornerstone of the Ice-Age Atlantic Crossing Hypothesis. Journal of Archaeological Science 40.7 (2013): 2934-41. Print.Erlandson, Jon M. After Clovis-First Collapsed: Reimagining the Peopling of the Americas. Paleoamerican Odyssey. Eds. Graf, Kelly E., C.V. Ketron and Michael R. Waters. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas AM, 2013. 127-32. Print.Faught, Michael K. Where Was the Paleoamerind Standstill? Quaternary International 444 (2017): 10–18. Print.Fiedel, Stuart J. The Anzick Genome Proves Clovis Is First, after All. Quaternary International 444 (2017): 4–9. Print.Halligan, Jessi J., et al. Pre-Clovis Occup ation 14,550 Years Ago at the Page-Ladson Site, Florida, and the Peopling of the Americas. Science Advances 2.e1600375 (2016). Print. Jenkins, Dennis L., et al. Clovis Age Western Stemmed Projectile Points and Human Coprolites at the Paisley Caves. Science 337 (2012): 223–28. Print.Llamas, Bastien, Kelly M. Harkins, and Lars Fehren-Schmitz. Genetic Studies of the Peopling of the Americas: What Insights Do Diachronic Mitochondrial Genome Datasets Provide? Quaternary International 444 (2017): 26–35. Print.Morrow, Juliet E. After Anzick: Reconciling New Genomic Data and Models with the Archaeological Evidence for Peopling of the Americas. Quaternary International 444 (2017): 1–3. Print.Potter, Ben A., et al. Early Colonization of Beringia and Northern North America: Chronology, Routes, and Adaptive Strategies. Quaternary International 444 (2017): 36–55. Print.Scott, G. Richard, et al. Sinodonty, Sundadonty, and the Beringian Standstill Model: Issues of Timing and Migrations into the New World. Quaternary International 466 (2018): 233–46. Print.Shillito, Lisa-Marie, et al. New Researc h at Paisley Caves: Applying New Integrated Analytical Approaches to Understanding Stratigraphy, Taphonomy, and Site Formation Processes. PaleoAmerica 4.1 (2018): 82–86. Print. Tune, Jesse W., et al. Assessing the Proposed Pre-Last Glacial Maximum Human Occupation of North America at Coats-Hines-Litchy, Tennessee, and Other Sites. Quaternary Science Reviews 186 (2018): 47–59. Print.Wagner, Daniel P. Cactus Hill, Virginia. Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology. Ed. Gilbert, Allan S. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. 95–95. Print.Wheat, Amber. Survey of Professional Opinions Regarding the Peopling of America. SAA Archaeological Record 12.2 (2012): 10–14. Print.

Analysis Of Benjamin Franklin s Autobiography, The...

FRANKLIN’S AUTOBIOGRAPHY Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography is an inspiring tale of his personal, as well as public achievement throughout his life. Franklin’s life embodies the exemplary model of a life composed of discipline, self-reliance and self improvement. From his humble beginnings as an apprentice candle and soap maker in his father’s business to a successful business man, author, philosopher, civil activist, politician scientist, inventor, and diplomat, above all Benjamin Franklin was, and†¦ The man Benjamin Franklin eventually became a man of good character and willingness to accept others. However, as the story of Ben Franklin unfolds you see he was indeed just a man. A man found to be of the same fault and human flaw as us all to which we were born, and that is into sin. Franklin as well as all people fell short. God told us in his word long before Ben Franklin ever existed. Romans 3:23 states â€Å"for all have sinned and fall short of the Glory of God.† (NIV). Franklin did prove however†¦ and esoteric essence of his own existence. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is an account of Franklin’s life experiences that taught him a deal of self-righteousness, virtue, self-actualization, knowledge and wisdom. Franklin recalls many past, powerful instances of his life that have influenced the ethical and intellectual development. The memoir also represents various events that built his keen interest in literature, linguistic and writing. Moreover, it also unfolds various historical events†¦ Instructor: Course: Date: Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin An autobiography is the life history of a person that is written in a book and the history is written by the same person. Autobiography mainly centers its focus on the times and life of the person writing it. The autobiography nature is very subjective and therefore the writer should be able to recall memories promptly so that incorrect and false information should be avoided. Some autobiographies are fictional whereby people write the†¦ become what we want to be, I was surprised. I began thinking about what I could do as a semester long project in which I could set a goal and record my progress. I had read Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography a few months earlier and I remember him writing about a personal program that he had developed for himself. Benjamin Franklin was fascinated with the idea of perfection, and diligently tried to achieve it while he was here on earth. His method of self improvement he called â€Å"The Art of Virtue†. What†¦ In the Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin written by Benjamin Franklin has the story line of his life. He explains how the political life in the 1700’s and how he learned from his experiences. One of the virtues Benjamin Franklin has is being humble, shown throughout all of his writing. The writing style he uses is very formal and addresses his audience with very different occasions. Having been from a big family he started in the workplace at an early age. Working for his father’s business took†¦ The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin’s life made a huge impact on the history of America. He also was an influence for many citizens. Since Franklin lived during the eighteenth century, a period of growth for America, he also played a part in the political founding of the United States. To help future generations, Franklin wrote an autobiography of his life. An autobiography is a piece of literature about someone’s own life. He separates his into four parts, each one depicting†¦ The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin explains the life of this amazing man in history. I this autobiography it focuses on the revolution years as one may expect to learn from this biography about Benjamin Franklin’s; origins, family and all the decisions and events that lead him to become the grandfather of the American nation. Due to the deep description of the situations that Benjamin Franklin went through and the different cities that he visited in this autobiography, draws a visual idea of†¦ Benjamin Franklin, a well rounded American adept in many fields, once said, â€Å"either write something worth reading or do something worth writing† (Benjamin). Although this quote presents a false dilemma, Franklin chose a third option in which he did something worth writing and then wrote about it in his autobiography. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin is a different beast in its literature. Unlike most books, and possibly most autobiographies as well, Franklin’s autobiography†¦ The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin was not an easy book to read. Writing styles have changed tremendously since the 1700’s. Despite the cultural differences I learned a lot about the man and the time. Benjamin Franklin was a remarkable man. He was a printer, author, politician and an inventor. He was one of fifteen children in his family. Because he was from such a large family he was sent out to work at a very early age. He only had a few years†¦

Acting Out Culture by James S. Miller Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Acting Out Culture by James S. Miller - Essay Example People choose what to believe, what to where, where to work, and even the kind of children they would like to have, if they had the authority! This materialism is rated as bad by some academic critiques who believe that the ideal world should be a world where people have few choices, and therefore ‘happy’ lives! But would the economy allow for that? And would the acquisition nature of man and the absolute power of bills set people upon the same path of diversity as we understand? The very fact that nature places want upon a person, reflects the materialistic nature that is man. Without needs, there is no innovation, no commerce, basically no need to live. It is consumers who drive a market that is controlled by products prepared in the industry. And as such, economy slowly turns on its hinges. Humans are capable of creating their own societies and placing their wants and needs around that society, we can see, in David Brooks assertion, that the society, is getting more a nd more focused on the individual needs and wants, so much so that the collective thought of diversity in America, is but a dream. Indeed, in own words, "†¦human beings are capable of drawing amazingly subtle social distinctions and then shaping their lives around them". It is indeed possible, that individualism is the reason industry thrives, but at what cost? In this essay, we shall see the effects of materialism on the diversity of America. The question is; does this materialistic nature bring people together, or drives them further apart? Quoting Thorstein Veblen (1857-1929), James Twitchell in â€Å"Two Cheers for Materialism, attempts to solidify the fact that people in the society are growing further apart as a result of these needs; He asserts says, â€Å"If we had fewer choices, we would be happier, there would be less waste and we would accept each other as equals" Though needs provide security in attainment, they are not a source of permanent happiness, and such th ey incur the creation of classes and clusters, and the need to be at comfort. Reality is materialism brings with it 'me' that person who so desires to satisfy his own and protect his turf. That person who believes that there is no one better than 'ME!' the individual, created to find solace in no one but himself. In this very belief, it is imputable that the requirement that some society would feel 'Me' better, has effectively led to segregation of the races, professions, and ultimately classes. The crux of the staple is that the desire by people to be around places they fit in has created that vacuum of consideration for other people who hold different professions, skin color, and even opinions. As such the estates, the cities and the communities in ‘human nature’ have ended up forming, or rather conforming to the desire of ages; to be like someone your own. The hierarchy of needs propelled by Abraham Maslow, puts self-actualization as the highest in satisfaction of ma n’s desires and needs, and states that if indeed in a lifetime these needs are met, then there is the tendency of creating new needs, to satisfy the arousal of new desires. Man being so consumed by desire has become so\elf centered and choosy with friends and acquaintances, the lack of which render a man useless. In this sense and with the help of the Bell curve, it is concluded that we, live in absurdly unlikely groupings because we have organized our lives that way. So even though we feel that it is wrong for our children to go to Harvard and yet other children though bright can’t go to college, it is also very important to us to note the presence of such opportunities and bask in their glory, if we can afford it. It follows that the

The Improvement of Customer Service in Argos Essay

The Improvement of Customer Service in Argos - Essay Example Argos was founded in 1973 by Richard Tompkins. It has been part of the Home Retail Group since 2000 which is the market leader in the home and general merchandise market (Management Today 2010). Together with Homebase, Argos is one of UK’s leading brands, selling products throughout UK as well as the Republic of Ireland (Management Today 2010).  Argos was founded in 1973 by Richard Tompkins. It has been part of the Home Retail Group since 2000 which is the market leader in the home and general merchandise market (Management Today 2010). Together with Homebase, Argos is one of UK’s leading brands, selling products throughout UK as well as the Republic of Ireland (Management Today 2010).  Argos is a unique multi-channel retailer well-known for offering customers choice, value, and convenience. Argos sells general merchandise and home products in over 750 stores all over UK and Ireland through their twice-yearly catalogue, over the internet, and through the telephone.   Argos is currently struggling to retain its viability and profitability. Operational strategies are being contemplated, including the use of internet technologies on its operations. The struggling Argos intends to do a digital makeover of its business operations. This move will replace traditional catalogue and may close or relocate at least 75 stores. Home Retail Group, the parent company, intends to reduce the circulation of traditional Argos catalogue, although it still believes that print marketing will still be relevant to its retail business  

Artemis Temple Essay Example for Free

Artemis Temple Essay She presided over the transition of a woman from virgin (parthenos) to married woman (gyne) and protected the virginity of those who were unmarried or wished to remain virgins (2). Artemis also oversaw marriage, childbirth and assisted with child-rearing (3). Virginity was especially emphasized in the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus: only virgins and men were allowed access and married or sexually active women were excluded under penalty of death. Artemis is commonly regarded as a fertility goddess, mostly because of the multitude of ‘breasts’ that cover her cult image (4). This essay will discuss three aspects of the Ancient Temple of Artemis, the style, the restoration of its architecture and its importance. The temple of Artemis was built around 550 BC and was the first temple to be entirely of marble and the largest temple ever built. The temple was financed by the wealthy king of Lydia and was designed by the Greek architect Chersiphron. Marshy ground was selected for the building site as a precaution against future earthquakes. The foundation was laid on a bed of packed charcoal and sheepskins, the column drums and architraves moved from the quarry, relates Vitruvius, by fitting them with large wheels and then, like rolling axles, having them pulled by oxen (5). It resembles the classical Greek temple: a stoic rectangular structure with mighty columns (6). The temple measured 350 by 180 feet and from the outside, its most striking feature was its more than 100 marble columns. Since it was built in the Ionic architectural style, the columns were decorated with sculptural reliefs at their bases and rosettes in their capitals (7). There were two rows of columns stretched across the front of the temple, standing about 21 feet apart and extending from the front to the back of the temple at 17 feet apart. The door in the pediment along with two windows was intended for Artemis own use (8). Inside the temple was the statue of Artemis herself, which was built from gold, silver, ebony and other stones. The temple brought in merchants, kings, and sightseers, many of donated jewellery and other treasures to Artemis and her temple. Its splendor also attracted many worshipers and pilgrims, strengthening the cult of Artemis (9). Since she was an influential figure, her fame went higher as soon as her temple was built. The Temple of Artemis was a very famous and attracted visitor from far and near. Its purpose was both a religious institution and market place. The market place itself had small models of the temple and its goddess Artemis for the fellow tourists as souvenirs to take with them. The columns at the front were decorated with intricate sculptures. It was built to honor Artemis as inside the temple was an inner room called the sanctuary that housed  a magnificent statue of the goddess. The temple was destroyed and rebuilt several times, each time it was built more impressively than the time before it. The first time it was destroyed was on the night of July 21, 356 BC, a man named Herostratus set fire to the temple in an attempt to immortalize his name (10). It caused the roof to cave in, the columns collapsed, and the statue of the goddess crashed to the ground. After the town created a law stating whoever mentioned his name would be put to death immediately. In the following two decades the temple was restored with the help of Alexander the Great. But then again in 262 AD, the temple was destroyed by the Goths and later swamped by floods, but still the residents of Ephesus vowed to rebuild it (11). However this time it was not rebuilt due to the high construction costs. A little later the temple began to lose its importance and many people were switching to Christianity and the town was completely isolated. There were attempts made to reconstruct the temple, but so far only a couple columns have been erected upon the remaining foundation.

The Wright brothers invent the airplane :: essays research papers

About one hundred years ago the planet earth was a much smaller place. On December 17, 1903 the Wright brothers, Wilbur and Orville, made history when they took off in flight and invented the first airplane. This is how the planet earth began shrinking geographically making it easier and quicker to travel over long distances. Wilbur was the older of the two brothers by four years. Wilbur was born in 1867 on a farm near Millville, Indiana and Orville was born in 1871 near Dayton, Indiana. As youngsters, Wilbur and Orville looked to their mother for mechanical expertise and their father for intellectual challenge. Milton, their father, brought them various souvenirs and trinkets he found during his travels for the church. One such trinket, a toy helicopter-like top, sparked the boys' interest in flying. In school, Wilbur excelled, and would have graduated from high school if his family had not moved during his senior year. A skating accident and his mother's illness and subsequent death kept him from attending college. Orville was an average student, known for his mischievous behavior. He quit school before his senior year to start a printing business. The two brothers were very intellectual and smart, but both did not ever get their high school diplomas. It just goes to show that even two of the best minds in our history didn’t have to go to college or even finish high school to become these great minds. The first time Wilbur and Orville referred to themselves as "The Wright Brothers" was when they started their own printing firm at the ages of 22 and 18. Using a damaged tombstone and buggy parts, they built a press and printed odd jobs as well as their own newspaper. In 1892, the brothers bought bicycles. They began repairing bicycles for friends, then started their own repair business. They opened up a bicycle shop in 1893, and three years later, made their own bicycles called Van Cleves and St. Clairs. While nursing Orville, who was sick with typhoid in 1896, Wilbur read about the death of a famous German glider pilot. The news led him to take an interest in flying. On May 30, 1899, he wrote to the Smithsonian Institution for information on aeronautical research. Within a few months after writing to the Smithsonian, Wilbur had read all that was written about flying. He then defined the elements of a flying machine: wings to provide lift, a power source for propulsio n, and a system of control.

The Market Coverage Strategies

INTRODUCTION While company has differentiated several market segmentation. Company need to select a suitable and profitable segment to enter it. But, how company identify which segment is most valuable to itself and compatible with its current resource and facilities. So, company may use market coverage strategies to solve this problem and choice the best segment to enter it. Market coverage strategic is a method that helps in evaluating the various segments of the marketplace and deciding which segment to cover in the marketing of a particular product.BODY There are 3 types of general market coverage strategies which will generally adopted by marketer. There are undifferentiated marketing, differentiated marketing, and concentrated marketing. For undifferentiated marketing, is a market coverage strategy whereby company using single product to attack whole market without concern differences within market. Undifferentiated marketing obtain to mass distribution and mass advertising, wh ich aiming to give the product a superior image in the minds of consumers.It helps in cost saving as single production line, inventoried, distributed, and advertised. So when it comes to market research and product management, costs usually to be lower as only focusing single product. For example, Nestle company produce MILO to attack to whole market without differentiate market segmentation. This is a milk beverage with chocolate and malt, it has successfully attract wide segment of market likes children, teenager, adult and even old folk. MILO has become part of daily necessary of consumer.For differentiated marketing, this is multi-segment marketing which market coverage strategy while a company attack to two or more market segment by selling product and unique marketing strategy which tailored to each different segment. It would help company to obtain revenue from different market segment whereby attacking every single market segment. However, it also increases the costs of prod uction, inventoried, distributed, advertise, market research and product management.For example, Mc-Donald, it sells various type of burger to target different type of market segment such as fish burger, chicken burger, and beef burger and happy meal (target children). So, customer will feel company able to serve what they need and other alternative choice even their taste change. Besides that, Mc Donald also sells fried chicken to satisfy those customers who has bored with burger. So, by targeting different type of market segments, it makes Mc Donald becomes successfully in the fast food industry.For concentrated marketing, it is one of the market segmentation which company produce product to market for a very well-defined, specific segment of the consumer population. This marketing strategy is highly focusing to the needs of that specific market segment. This strategy is particularly effective for certain company. As limited resources, it enables the company to achieve a strong ma rket position and becomes specialist in the specific market segment. Concentrated strategy helps in controlling cost effectively while avoiding mass production, mass distribution and mass advertising.So, company might use the fund from these aspects to invest R&D for its product development which will help company to sustain in the long run business within the specific industry. For example, ROLEX Company which produces luxury watches to specific market segment, it has created the branded and luxury image to customer and highly focusing on the technical part of watches function development. ROLEX only targeting to higher-income customer segment, it creates higher profit margin as well although the market share is small.When company has understood about 3 types of general market coverage strategies, company should only choose one strategy out of these 3 due to resource limited and risk concerns. So, what are the factors need to be considered between company status and strategy in ord er to ensure company will choose the best market coverage strategy. The factors need to be considered are company resources, product variability, product’s stage in the life cycle, market variability, and competitor’s marketing strategies. Firstly, company resource is crucial in choosing whether the company should go for undifferentiated, differentiate and concentrated.As these 3 strategies are requiring different level of resources to company, it needed to compatible with company current resource availability. For example, a new market entrant usually has limited resource and capital to invest its product to tailor with every different customer segment. So it might choose undifferentiated marketing in the early time of business to achieve economies of scale for cost saving and avoid risk and, as differentiated and concentrated strategies require more resource and capital to invest on it.Secondly, Product variability, company need to consider its product changeability while making decision to market coverage strategy. If the product changeability is low, it might be difficult to use differentiated marketing strategy for the company. So, it only goes for either undifferentiated marketing or concentrated marketing, as these two strategies focusing on single product producing to satisfy the market. For example, SUNKIST Company is using undifferentiated marketing strategy to target its market segment.The reason is because the product of SUNKIST is orange and it has limited the variability to target different market segmentation. So, differentiated marketing strategy is not appropriate in this case. Thirdly, Product stage in the life cycle, company might apply different market coverage strategy while different stages of life cycle. When the product under stage of â€Å"introduction† in the product life cycle, it should apply undifferentiated marketing or concentrated marketing instead of using differentiated marketing.It is because when product under this stage, there are lots of unforeseen risk along the time. Company should more focus the major customer and instead focus whole customer segment as it will be costly. For example, Old Chang Kee started its business with selling handmade curry puff to customer at the early stage of business. When its business has picked up, it started diversify its product to serve variety customer segment by introducing new product likes sotong ball, chicken wing and up to 28 types of products.Fourthly, Market variability, when the time of market changeability is high, it will affect the market coverage strategy to apply. These product usually famous and decline by customer in a very short of time due to the trend. So, differentiated marketing strategy might not be suitable for these product, company would not be benefit to target all segment of customer and product life cycle is too short. For example, toy likes YOYO and TRANSFORMER become famous and high demanded by customer as the fashi on and movie affection.So, company should not apply differentiated marketing and concentrated marketing as it is no worth to invest to the product which product life cycle is too short. Lastly, competitor’s marketing strategies, company should consider other competitors strategies moves before determine market coverage strategies. It is too risky to have same strategies with own competitors and market share also will be reduced. Company should look for the latent market and enjoy the higher profit margin. For example, HERMES bag is targeting luxury market by using concentrated marketing.It helps to make higher profit margin from this specific market instead targeting mass market segment as there are too many competitors within the industry. Conclusion Company should understand which market coverage strategies appropriate to apply. It related to company product and future targeting customer segment. At the same time, Company need to compare with own current resource, micro and macro environment. Because these factors will affect the determination of market coverage strategies and also will decides the profitability of the product in the business.

Dollhouse Paper Essay

Love may be compared to a child’s dollhouse. Their dreams and aspirations in life start with the simple imaginations they build while playing with the said toy. From the way they perceive the entrance to be, to the little details of the house, these dreams begin with a little imagination that become a reality, as they grow older. I guess the little things are the ones that matter after all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a little girl, I have imagined a lot of things while playing with my toys. This is where I have built my perceptions about life, in general, and how it was to get married and have my own family. I imagined everything, down to the smallest detail, with a commercial model as my partner. Funny at first, but I never imagined that I would actually live to do the things that I have dreamed of as a young girl.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I grew up to become an architect with my bestfriend, Alex. Being friends since we were five years old, we overcomed heartaches and struggledto go on with life together. We knew very well the strengths and weaknesses of each other, making our friendship stronger as time passed by. We practically planned how our future will be when we have our own families. The funny thing there was, Alex never really had a girlfriend. My two relationships ended with me choosing to be with Alex rather than with them. Somehow, I could not imagine myself living a life without the bestfriend I have known for many years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The time came when Alex was starting to change. Whenever his phone rang, he would immediately tell me that he has to go, and would not say where. I was beginning to feel jealous about the whole situation, for he was not around whenever I needed him to be. I was not used to this kind of treatment from him. I was deemed to find out what was happening. I followed him during one day, from his house to the bowling arena. I was surprised with what I saw—a pretty young blonde, who looked like me was hugging and laughing with my bestfriend. I was furious. I stormed towards them, and told shouted on the girl. They were both surprised with what I did, then Alex asked me why I did that. I couldn’t answer him, so I left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Months have passed, and Alex and I were still not communicating. I was embarrassed with my actions, and decided not to take any of his calls. I felt desolated. I came to the realization that I was in love with my bestfriend for as long as I can remember. Now, it was too late for me to fix things with the love of my life. I tried calling him several times, but he never answered. Then one day, I got a call from Alex’ girlfriend, saying that they were involved in an accident. She knew how much I meant to Alex, so she said that she wanted me to be there beside him. I rushed to his aide, crying, regretting the things that I have said on the day we argued. I knew that I was in love with my bestfriend, but I had no way of fixing it. Alex has a girlfriend now, and nothing in the world could ever change it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Alex opened his eyes, his girlfriend was there beside him. I was uncomfortable. I knew that I was the one who should be seated beside him. I decided to stay outside, just in case he did not want to see me. I felt nervous. I did not know how to react when the time came that we had to see each other face to face. I did not want to lose him again, nor did I want to end our friendship. I decided to accept the fact that he could never be mine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Soon after, his girlfriend followed me and told me that Alex was looking for me. I followed her and stood at his bedside. â€Å"Finally†, he said. I was confused with how he reacted. Then both the girl and Alex smiled. Then Alex said, â€Å"I am happy that you are here. Atleast now I know that I meant a lot to you.† Then the girl said, â€Å"Louise, I am not his girlfriend. I am his closest cousin, Sandy.   Alex brought me to the bowling arena to play your favorite sport. He has told me a lot about you, and said how important you were in his life†. I admit, that I was really embarrassed with the situation that I was in. Then Louise opened the dresser and pulled out what seemed to be a  Ã‚   dollhouse. â€Å"This is something that I have reserved for you all theses years, Louise.† A two-story peach house with a wide garden, a patio, and a terrace on the second floor surprised me. It was the   house that I imagined myself to have since I was seven. I felt tears accumulating in my eyes. Then Alex added, â€Å"this is the reason why I studied Architecture. When we were younger, I promised you that I will build your dream house. This is the design I built, Louise – my years of love all placed in   this house.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From then on, Alex and I were never separated. We know have two children and are living   in my dreamhouse, which we have worked for. As for my dollhouse, it was placed in one part of our living room, that symbolized our love for each other.

Aliso Creek

Aliso Creek Aliso Creek Since the first orange groves were established on Aliso Creek it has been chronically polluted with dangerous contaminants. The Creek runs westbound from the Santa Ana Mountains in South Orange County to the Pacific Ocean where it empties its contents at Aliso Creek State Beach in Laguna Beach. The pollution has escalated with the rapid urban development along the creek and its many tributaries.These pollutants have caused much harm to beachgoers, marine and aquatic life, and to the tourism industry of the communities that stretch the coastline. In the summers of 1999 and 2000, a half mile of Hunnington Beach, which lies North of Laguna Beach, was closed due to dangerously high bacteria counts in the water. The beach closure crippled the tourism of the fabled ?Surf City?. Similar problems are destined for Laguna Beach and the other communities near these river mouths. Beach closures are a common occurance in Laguna Beach and Dana Point to the South.English: Aerial shot of the mouth of Aliso Creek

Quality of Health Care Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Quality of Health Care - Term Paper Example Thus the quality and performance of hospital staff would be determined by a dichotomy of perception, one by private enterprise and the other by the government. Along with these developments raining and development of skills in the healthcare sector would lead to a new dimension both in the sphere of motivation and performance. Human Resource Training & Development (HRTD) policies and initiatives have received greater attention in the current period due to highly articulate employee skills training and development strategies at the individual healthcare sector. Thus the theoretical and empirical analysis of this paper is based on the available literature on the subject at a global level along with hospital's own training and quality improvement practices. This study basically draws on the hospitals' policy based convergence/divergence parameters for the continuous analysis for a proper articulation of the TQM strategy at broader level though its theoretical underpinnings are based on the need to focus attention on the evolving environment of competition. TQM policy and initiative based analysis is a near approximation of an otherwise intractable continuum which lacks definable contours and a logical conceptual framework of reference. While theoretical constructs underlying this approach have been presented as a uniform analysis there is very little attention being focused on the qualitative paradigm shift caused by the a priori and a posteriori catalytic changes (Creech, 1995). Thus the qualitative shift in this study is essentially based on these outcomes and the latest calibrations and/or benchmarks enunciated by researchers to establish a conceptual framework for analysis.As a business management strategy Six Sigma can be identified as a best practice in many industries including healthcare sector. Six Sigma simply defined as "a measure of quality for near perfection" (www.isixsigma.com). In fact some of the hospitals are focusing their attention on innovative ways to overcome some of the challenges in healthcare sector including create safety environment for patients and efficiency of the service delivery. Thus Six Sigma strategies can be used to enhance the quality of the service in the hospital by reducing the errors and variability in healthcare process. Therefore it can be used as a quality management method within the hospitals with sequence of steps to achieve desirable objectives such as improving the quality of the service, efficient service delivery, patient safety, reducing the cost and increasing the profits and so on. As a result hospital sectors are experiencing positive outcomes on patients, staff and the bottom line. Training and development process of the hospital's staff PhysiciansPhysicians would not be the same after extensive training. Apparently they would be in a better position than now especially with regard to their ready involvement. The government bureaucracy that makes policy decisions now would be defunct and a new breed of decision makers who are practicing physicians at the same time would make important strategic decisions in the future. As for the private hospitals, physicians would also be substantial

Hospital-acquired conditions (HAC) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hospital-acquired conditions (HAC) - Assignment Example The discussions will guarantee proper documentation and patient analysis. This may also include dedicating sufficient time to reconciling POA queries and documenting discharge summaries to ensure effective implementation of the rule. I can enhance patient safety through implementation of the rule by facilitating teamwork between different hospital departments, adhering to evidence-based guidelines, preventing patient falls by offering sitters, adopting new protocols for testing UTIs, and testing patients during admission (Sorensen et al., 2014). These measures can enhance identification and diagnosis thus improving clinical quality and safeguard patients from hospital-acquired infections and injuries. As a nurse practitioner, I can also use adopt leadership duties to promote patient safety by participating in executive committees, mobilizing healthcare resources and strategies, and mediating between nurses and other medical personnel (Wald et al., 2012). Moreover, I can promote the i mprovement of clinical quality through implementation of the rule by advocating for the root cause analysis, ensuring proper documentation, and monitoring Hospital-Acquired Conditions (Sorensen et al., 2014). Peasah, S. K., McKay, N. L., Harman, J. S., Al-Amin, M., & Cook, R. L. (2013). Medicare Non-Payment of Hospital-Acquired Infections: Infection Rates Three Years Post Implementation. Medicare & Medicaid Research Review, 3(3), 1-13. Wald, H., Richard, A., Dickson, V., & Capezuti, E. (2012). Chief nursing officers’ perspectives on Medicare’s hospital-acquired conditions non-payment policy: implications for policy design and implementation. Implementation Science Journal, 7 (78),

Organization Theory, Design and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Organization Theory, Design and Change - Essay Example This would go a long way in helping the organization to determine the interorganizational strategy that would help bring the bureaucratic costs and the transaction costs to the barest minimum. The organization must also consider the location of the sources of the cost of transaction that could have an effect on the trade relationship. This would help the organization to determine the exact cost of transaction and would also help them to choose the organization actions that would help minimize the costs of these transactions (Jones 82-83). Organizations also take into consideration the several linkage mechanisms that would be used in estimating the costs of transaction before choosing the interorganizational strategies. The bureaucratic costs of running the linkage mechanism are also considered before choosing interorganizational strategies. The organization would then consider the most suitable linkage mechanism that gives the lowest bureaucratic costs and savings in the cost of transaction at the same time. These are the factors that organizations consider before choosing the interorgaanizational strategies that would help reduce bureaucratic and transaction costs (Jones

What caused the French revolution Research Paper

What caused the French revolution - Research Paper Example On the other hand, â€Å"the nobility were exempt from taxation; the clergy were entitled to the privilege of taxing themselves, in the form of free gifts†¦ [and all these were for the] benefit of the privileged classes, and to the detriment of the people† (Mignet 4). Such prevailing conditions, which did not change for many generations, created a deep-rooted resentment in the minds of the common people. On 14th July 1789, few people from the working classes and a handful of soldiers took control of the famous prison of Bastille in Paris, which soon changed the entire history of France. A number of underlying factors triggered the seizing of Bastille, of which the chief ones were, persistently increasing taxes (the economic factor), the Old Regime (the social factor), and to a certain extent philosophical inspiration from Enlightenment theories and the American Revolution. However, the more apparent and immediate reasons that triggered the revolution were increasing price s of food items (bread), removal of third estate from the meeting hall and Louis XVI’s ordering of Swiss guards into Paris. Here the most important factors were the economic and social causes related to the Old Regime. France at that time was socially categorized into three different estates. The first estate comprised of high-ranking religious leaders or clergymen, who had the privilege of paying no taxes to the monarchic government. The second estate comprised of nobility that were primarily landowners and paid no direct taxes. The third estate, which comprised of the rest of the population (the urban middle class, the urban lower class, and the farmers), paid all the taxes. Thus, the ones that had the least, paid the maximum taxes (royal taxes, feudal taxes, and even work related taxes) and through this process lost almost half of what they earned as wages (Frey and Frey 2). During this time, France suffered a series of defeats against Britain in various battles, which pla ced a huge burden of debt on France. It caused a fall in public morale and increasing social unrest owing to the increasing economic pressure on the common people (pressure to increase the revenue to service the debt). The third estate that was already paying high taxes was further burdened with more, and with the second estate refusing to pay any form of taxes, the situation turned worse. With expenditure being more than the revenue, King Louis XVI decided to hold all reforms and did nothing to improve the worsening situation (Frey and Frey 3). Another factor that triggered the French revolution was the American Revolution, which showed how absolute monarchy could be overthrown and democracy established. The third important factor was the various philosophical teachings and writings of this era (the era of Enlightenment), such as, writings of John Locke, a philosopher whose works advocated freedom from persecution. An increasing number of French citizens became influenced by notion s of natural rights (humanitarianism, fraternity, liberty, and equality) and the rather ambiguous notions of State based Contract theory, as conceptualized by  Turgot, Diderot, Voltaire, other  social scientists and philosophers of  the Enlightenment era (Peyre, 63-65). The  American Revolution  showed that it was actually possible to use Enlightenment theories to make a government function effectively (Mackey, 57). Some of the American revolutionary leaders, such as,  Benjamin Franklin  had spent a great deal of time in Paris and mixed liberally with the intellectual society in France. Besides this, long-term contact between French army and American revoluti

Leadership Challenge Moving To Leadership Business Essay

Leadership Challenge Moving To Leadership Business Essay Everyone in their professional career usually starts their career from bottom and work to reach at top of the career ladder. During the course of professional career, individuals become proficient in work, gain respect from the whole management and eventually becomes a valued member of the organization. On getting promoted as a leader of that same team within which we have been working with so far certainly is an advantageous offering however coupled with several problems and challenges. However, being promoted within the same team is advantageous up to a certain extent as that individual would be aware about the policies and procedures and working environment as well as expected problems often encountered by the team, individual would also face several challenges while leading a team. The problems and challenges arise in a sense that when other employees who have been working for a longer duration than that of the individual being promoted and possess more experience might feel that they actually deserve the promotional hike. Also, problems arise owing to the assertiveness often expressed in meetings and words by the individual. Consequently, individuals being offered promotional hikes and promotional offerings entail to gain respect from the team and getting the things done without thinking that the power or authority has been moved to individuals head. Additionally, several things are ought to consider to smoothen the transition process of promotion. Primarily individual has to stop beating head and applaud on promotion as dynamics of the team are changed to a large extent and individual have to embrace the changed circumstances. Another key initiative is to show explicit value and support and listening to other team members ideas to even the process of promotional transition (Case Studies). Case II: Leadership Challenge: Juggling Cultures Several cases of bi-diversity are common in the Middle East with subject of leadership of women at workplace. Government is certainly putting in tremendous efforts towards recognition of women in the society and inclusiveness in different sectors of the economy. It is the key requirement of organizations to incorporate flexibility in corporate cultures in order to respect and consider individual needs. While comparing with the scenario in western countries, it is required in Arab countries to broach such issues within the cultural sensitivities and tradition and culture. In large organizations, it has been determined that they are in a better profitable state and quarter attributing to success while having female employees in senior leadership. Moreover having female executives in senior leadership leads to bringing of new perspectives as well as new innovative ideas. In the context of the case organization, the officials contemplate in selection of male executive over female executive for arranging deals with Saudi Arabian clients. The environment in Saudi Arabian organizations is inflexible characterized by male biased talent management systems and culture. Throwing light on the case situation, it would be effectual to select a male executive over female executive owing to the conservative biased system prevailing across Arabian countries. The selection and choice of male executive is justified to comply with the conservative and male dominated organizations and clients (Case Studies). Case III: What Leadership Characteristics Does Reuben Mark Possess? Reuben Mark professional accomplishments are legendary who is considered as a niche player for almost all the time of his career in one of the most valuable companies operating across the globe, especially in terms of market capitalization. Colgate-Palmolive is a leading consumer goods company serving in two hundred countries across the globe. Several business organizations would strive to achieve level of success and aspire to achieve a competitive edge likewise of Colgate-Palmolive. The case is primarily digging out the management style of Reuben Mark and his management and leadership style. Mark the leader possesses dynamic personality whose genius and innovation contributed successfully towards the growth of the company. Being one of the prominent leaders in the market and entire corporate world, Marks leadership style can be visualized as with tremendous clarity. Reuben Mark is certainly a willful and driven leader and the products and services directed under his supervision have raised the development and commercialization of brand in the market. At the same time, the leadership style of Ruben Mark has been intensely focused with strong commitment and confidence in taking risky leaps. Mark is also considered as a charismatic that has successfully solicited employee legions as well as customers in the relentless pursuit of his ambitions and aspirations. The exclusive style of leadership has also helped the company to shape the unique and powerful culture within the environment owing to his seemingly constructive behaviors (Case Studies). Case IV: Leadership Challenge: The In-Group Applicant Individuals hired through employee referrals tend to have a longer duration of association with the company in comparison than those of individuals hired through other methods of recruitment. Today, employers of business organizations try to determine the effectiveness of employee referrals and compare with other hiring methods. At the time of hiring, several factors are taken into consideration pertains to determine effectiveness such as overall hiring costs, performance of employees, employee retention rate. They tend to ponder these key aspects to narrow the field of best pool of candidates. Also, the current and existing staff gets benefitted by an incoming of lucrative salaries packages and recognition they get at the time of every hiring on their recommendation. In the context of the business case, the manager faces a contemplating situation of hiring an assistant manager on the basis of strong reference by his office manager. The office manager recommends the name of one of his family members for the job and the one is effectively suitable for the offered job profile. With an aim to get his family member into the job, the office manager tries to convince his manager to not to take risk with other outsider/stranger becoming his assistant. He sees this opportunity to build strong relationship with the company and is therefore motivated to refer to his family member. Recruiting talent in todays competitive market is certainly a difficult and tedious job and therefore employee referral program has been seen as an effective strategy to hire new employees (Case Studies). Case V: Leadership in Action: The Caring Dictator: Understanding and embracing a team is the main talent of a leader who is essentially thinking out in a creative manner and whose style of leading is based on his or her strengths. The best leaders of the industry allow leaders to emerge as reach to the top premier position in their professional career ladder. In todays fast paced world and competitive era, it has been determined that best leaders are ones those who bring out and build best leaders and not the best followers. The traditional military kind of leadership style is no longer proven to be effective. Nowadays, the leadership is more to be executed in a dynamic way depending on changing circumstances and changing needs of the team. At times, it takes the way of coaching; sometimes it is executed as visionary and is therefore termed as situational. In the context of the business case, Jack Hartnett is more of an affilitative leader who appears to rely on creation and building of emotional and companion bonds with other team members as well as subordinates. According to Jack Hartnett, if we sum up his vision in terms of leadership style, then it would be people come first. The affilitative style of Jack Hartnett has been proved to be highly successful during the times of relieving from stress and mental trauma, and even at the time building of trust. Jack Hartnett essentially put a greater reliance on praise and appreciation to foster performance (Case Studies). Case VI: Janine Bay of Ford Focuses on Interpersonal Skills: In todays competitive and changing times, leaders are mainly focusing on leveraging and utilizing their strengths and try to support and compensate their weaknesses to achieve organizational directives. Leaders are continually recognizing the significance of fact to concentrate and focus up on ones preeminent attributes and initiate efforts to compensate certain shortcomings and weaknesses coming their way to achieve greater success as well as positive self regard. The case study pertaining to Janine Bay, one of the top executives of a large corporation, Ford Motor Company articulates her journey so far in the professional career and how she managed to achieve zenith with her unique style of leadership. According to her insightful thoughts, an individual could not find recognizing his/her strengths a much difficult task in which they excel. The harder point is realizing out ones weakness. Another key fact of managing effectual leadership within a team is a teamwork that works like a fuel allowing people to achieve set and established directives. As per the views of Janine Bay, it is imperative to build an effective communication to members of the team group while allowing them to respond with innovative ideas and become a vital part of the visioning process. Appropriate communication as well as effective listening has been emerged as key components of undertaking successful leadership (Case Studies). PART II Based on your knowledge of the field of management and your personal definition of leadership, how are management and leadership similar or different? Write your answer after discussing it with a business leader. Leadership and Management are often seen as different terms by several people and terms have been even used interchangeably at workplaces. On the basis of personal experience gained from several field researches and scrutinizing industrial and organizational scenarios in todays competitive environment, a vast relationship can be established between management and leadership. Particularly, it has been observed that management requires good leadership styles which mean effective management is carried out with the support of effective leadership. For instance, at times when managers in large organizations are required to persuade his team members to his point and his view to facts, it is then handled out and managed effectively with the use of mixed leadership skills. Both goes hand in hand as the main focus of the manager here would be to be a good leader in the team who is able to manipulate and influence others views and decisions, ultimately involved effective dealing with people. An encounter with the business leader, who is the successful entrepreneur operating well in the area of fast food restaurants in the Emirate of Dubai has resulted in the emerge of several surprising and astonishing facts in the area of leadership and management. On having a formal meeting and discussion with him, it was essentially determined that an individual could be a great leader and an individual could also be a great manager, only the difference being that both the area requires a slightly differential set of skills and competencies. Where management is resulting in producing order and consistency in the process of operations and flow of work, leadership is resulting in change and movement up to a certain level within the process. The management in any organization includes a vast array of activities such as planning and budgeting, setting of agendas, preparation of timetables, allocation of resources, setting of rules and procedures, hiring, organizing, problem solving as well as taking corrective actions spontaneously. Leadership on the hand requires an individual to set direction, clarify the big picture and prepare strategies, communication of goals and responsibilities, alignment of tasks, seeking commitment, building teams, motivating peers and subordinates, and satisfy unmet needs and wants. As it has already been mentioned above that both leadership and management goes hand in hand, both the fields certainly requires human skills, conceptual skills and technical skills. Also, with the closing of discussion with the fast food business owner promoting healthy and happy lifestyles, he stressed on the fact that leadership is certainly required to set a new direction in the business like for example in their business targeting a new customer segment would require an individual leader to take an initiative to lead the team of members to conduct market research. At the same time, this requires effective management skills by the individual to plan and organize about the financial resources, time constraints, staff required etc. Indeed, there is no end to overlap of leadership and management.

Concepts of Family and Home in Jane Austens Persuasion Essay -- Jane

Concepts of Family and Home in Jane Austen's Persuasion In Jane Austen's last completed novel, Persuasion, England is one large family with two distinct branches, the navy and the aristocratic upper class-it is no accident that the two large books consulted in the novel are the Baronetage and the Naval Lists. The naval family poses a threat to the aristocratic family; in fact, undertones of social instability riddle the text, through imagery of death, illness, and accident. The marriages of Anne Elliott, Louisa Musgrove, and Harriet Musgrove reveal a gentry which can only redeem itself through intermarriage with the professional meritocratic class, symbolically taking on their values of utility and social responsibility, and abandoning an idle aristocracy in decline. In Persuasion, the only novel of Austen's that does not center around a landed estate, the letting of Kellynch Hall shows an aristocracy ousted from its familial seats of power, in favor of the fashionable world of Bath. Landed responsibility is given up for a hollow world of rented rooms and social display. The aristocracy is replaced in their hallowed hall by members of the new meritocracy, the Admiral and Mrs. Croft. The English navy has been world-renowned from the time of the Spanish Armada, in 1588, and played a key role in the expansion of the British Empire; not only does the navy serve as an example of Englishness, it helped create that very notion of national identity. In Persuasion, Austen domesticates the navy, portraying it as one large brotherhood. In fact, Captain Wentworth cancels a trip to his biological brother in order to visit his injured friend, Captain Harville. Officers discuss transporting each other's wives to and fro on their boats,... ... Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. 1813. London: Penguin Classics, 2003. Beer, Gillian. Introduction. Persuasion. By Jane Austen. London: Penguin Classics, 1998. vii-xxviii. Butler, Marilyn. Jane Austen and the War of Ideas. 1975. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987. Wiltshire, John. Jane Austen and the Body. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Works Consulted Austen, Jane. Mansfield Park. 1814. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1998. Austen, Jane. Emma. 1816. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000. Colley, Linda. Britons: Forging the Nation 1707-1837. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992. Copeland, Edward and Juliet McMaster, eds. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Johnson, Claudia. Jane Austen: Women, Politics, and the Novel. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.

Commercials

On TV today we see lots of commercials that show what the world and our peers want us to be. Commercials also show what clothes we should wear and what foods we should eat. There are commercials that show people with healthy and in shape bodies trying to get us to eat properly because looking at them will make us want to have that kind of body and will make us buy whatever it is they are selling. So in seeing those commercials every day, some of us start to think that we are not good enough, and we think we have to look our best to fit in with everyone else. The clothes you wear will show who you are and will show how people will Judge you.If a person is wearing old smelly clothes then people might think he is not a very clean person and that he may not have much money to buy all the new clothes. Now if you are wearing the newest Polo that Just came out, then you have money and people will think you are a clean well-dressed person. That clothes you wear will certainly have an impact on how people look at you. There are on commercials on TV today with professional athletes eating certain foods and wearing and buying certain clothes and we look at them and say to ourselves that we want to be like them.So we will go out and buy the new clothes they have and go eat where they do so that we will be as cool as them. Because they are portrayed as very influential people in the world, we see them and say, if I can be like that, then I will be cool. There are many commercials today that show how we should eat to get that perfect body that all the super starts and the professional athletes have. The men are always with beautiful women, and the women are always with handsome men. So we go and buy the food they eat so we will that the bodies they have.We also go and ay the videos that make you look like the big football player or the best trainer in America. We go and buy all of these things so we can possibly be accepted by our peers. Looking at the commercials on TV toda y, we see most of them show what we should wear and eat to be like all the athletes and movie starts and buy seeing that we try our best to be as much like them as possible so we will be accepted in our society today. Showing the lives and bodies of celebrities make us want to buy the videos, food, and clothes that they buy, is a good way to make money and to make us think all these things will make us look good.