Changing Character of Alien Immigration in Early Modern Period Essay

Changing Character of Alien Immigration in Early Modern Period - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the most powerful of European powers ventured into the immigration spree during the Early Modern Period to show specific interests. Nearly through the entire 16th century, the most explorative and dominant figure of alien immigration into the Americas was undoubtedly Spain. Since the turn of the Century, Spanish interests in the New World were perhaps one of the most organized and resolute. As early as 1513, sections of the continent had been identified for settlement by the Spanish explorers as led by Ponce De Leon. Florida was among the settlement areas identified by De Leon, paving way for similar incursions into other American territories by the Spanish. In as much time, Cazabeza de Vaca and his crew had discovered Arizona, New Mexico and Texas in a similar adventure. Discovery and navigation of main American rivers such as Colorado and Mississippi were nigh as exploration continued into the 1500s, soon making it possible to take ove r Florida and California. In the meantime, other explorer countries in Europe were preparing to compete with Spain in the venture and English explorers sooner came on board. Despite the fact that much of the discoveries leading to the immigration of the Europeans were by chance, they took complete advantage of the discoveries and eventually occupied the New World. The English explorers, for instance, were in search of routes to the Indies, making the stumble-upon impact good to their interest in overseas territories. Virginia was taken over in 1607 by the British. The French got interested in the immigration and settlement in 1608 through the assistance of Samuel Champlain in form of identifying and taking over Quebec. By 1670s, interests of expansion of the overseas territory by the French led to exploration and takeover of Louisiana.

Labor Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Labor Relations - Essay Example . According to Mithra (2009), binding arbitration is a case whereby a party is asked to make an agreement which provides that if they have a dispute with the contracting partner then they opt to be heard by private arbitrator rather than normal litigation through courts. The contracting parties are bound totally by the decision of the arbitrator hence their case can not be appealed in a court of law. The arbitrator is usually a third party and has the authority to make final decision in accordance to prior arrangements of contracting parties. It can not be stated with certainty when formal processes of arbitration were established in the world but it is known that arbitration as method of resolution of disputes is far much older than courts litigation. Arbitration use can be traced far back from ancient civilizations e.g. Greece, Roman and Egypt. The arbitration act of 1697 was the first English law on arbitration, though arbitration was in common use even before the law came to be. Arbitrations before this law was usually never strong this was mainly due to the parties to arbitration terminating the arbitrators authority if the deemed things were not going well with their expectations on the arbitration Arbitration is a resolution of a dispute by a non partisan third party who gives the final word on the settlement which is final to the parties in arbitration. Arbitration is distinct to mediation, determination by experts, alternative dispute resolution and judicial proceedings. In practice some cases of disputes are not able to be subjected to arbitration this is usually depending on the content of the case that involve arbitration. Examples of procedures that can not be subjected to arbitration include; Where the resolution of the dispute does not require the parties to the dispute to enter any form of agreement e.g., court processes that bind all members of the public or institutions or a dispute that involves public interest, this can be highlighted by the example that antitrust matters in U.S were not arbitral until recently (1980s). Another example of cases not arbitral is ones relating to family, status and crime. This is because the authority of the parties to enter into arbitration on these matters is limited. Private rights disputes are however arbitral. The other case where arbitration cannot apply is where relevant authority would want to protect weaker member who can be easily be disadvantaged by the agreement in arbitration e.g. consumers In arbitration, parties enter into agreement by consensus not by force, however in real life arbitration agreements are usually put in circumstances where like the workers or consumers have very limited or no power to speak for themselves. In some instances clauses on arbitration are placed in areas which render their useful meaning to be unrealistic e.g. within sealed user's manual in products. These agreements are of two kinds; Agreement with a provision for solution of any arising dispute by arbitration they are in most cases normal contracts and usually contain arbitration clauses; Agreements made due to dispute that has arisen consenting that